Molecular cloning and characterization of PtrLAR3, a gene encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase from Populus trichocarpa, and its constitutive expression enhances fungal resistance in transgenic plants.
Identifieur interne : 002988 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002987; suivant : 002989Molecular cloning and characterization of PtrLAR3, a gene encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase from Populus trichocarpa, and its constitutive expression enhances fungal resistance in transgenic plants.
Auteurs : Li Yuan [République populaire de Chine] ; Lijun Wang ; Zujing Han ; Yuanzhong Jiang ; Lili Zhao ; Hong Liu ; Li Yang ; Keming LuoSource :
- Journal of experimental botany [ 1460-2431 ] ; 2012.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Alignement de séquences (MeSH), Anthocyanes (métabolisme), Ascomycota (physiologie), Clonage moléculaire (MeSH), Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH), Feuilles de plante (génétique), Feuilles de plante (immunologie), Feuilles de plante (microbiologie), Maladies des plantes (immunologie), Maladies des plantes (microbiologie), Oxidoreductases (composition chimique), Oxidoreductases (génétique), Oxidoreductases (immunologie), Populus (enzymologie), Populus (génétique), Populus (immunologie), Populus (microbiologie), Protéines végétales (composition chimique), Protéines végétales (génétique), Protéines végétales (immunologie), Régulation de l'expression des gènes codant pour des enzymes (MeSH), Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux (MeSH), Résistance à la maladie (MeSH), Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH), Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (génétique), Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (immunologie), Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (microbiologie).
- MESH :
- composition chimique : Oxidoreductases, Protéines végétales.
- enzymologie : Populus.
- génétique : Feuilles de plante, Oxidoreductases, Populus, Protéines végétales, Végétaux génétiquement modifiés.
- immunologie : Feuilles de plante, Maladies des plantes, Oxidoreductases, Populus, Protéines végétales, Végétaux génétiquement modifiés.
- microbiologie : Feuilles de plante, Maladies des plantes, Populus, Végétaux génétiquement modifiés.
- métabolisme : Anthocyanes.
- physiologie : Ascomycota.
- Alignement de séquences, Clonage moléculaire, Données de séquences moléculaires, Régulation de l'expression des gènes codant pour des enzymes, Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux, Résistance à la maladie, Séquence d'acides aminés.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH), Anthocyanins (metabolism), Ascomycota (physiology), Cloning, Molecular (MeSH), Disease Resistance (MeSH), Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic (MeSH), Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (MeSH), Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH), Oxidoreductases (chemistry), Oxidoreductases (genetics), Oxidoreductases (immunology), Plant Diseases (immunology), Plant Diseases (microbiology), Plant Leaves (genetics), Plant Leaves (immunology), Plant Leaves (microbiology), Plant Proteins (chemistry), Plant Proteins (genetics), Plant Proteins (immunology), Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics), Plants, Genetically Modified (immunology), Plants, Genetically Modified (microbiology), Populus (enzymology), Populus (genetics), Populus (immunology), Populus (microbiology), Sequence Alignment (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Oxidoreductases, Plant Proteins.
- chemical , genetics : Oxidoreductases, Plant Proteins.
- chemical , immunology : Oxidoreductases, Plant Proteins.
- chemical , metabolism : Anthocyanins.
- enzymology : Populus.
- genetics : Plant Leaves, Plants, Genetically Modified, Populus.
- immunology : Plant Diseases, Plant Leaves, Plants, Genetically Modified, Populus.
- microbiology : Plant Diseases, Plant Leaves, Plants, Genetically Modified, Populus.
- physiology : Ascomycota.
- Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Disease Resistance, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Alignment.
Abstract
The flavonoid-derived proanthocyanidins (PAs) are one class of the major defence phenolics in poplar leaves. Transcriptional activation of PA biosynthetic genes, resulting in PA accumulation in leaves, was detected following infection by the fungal Marssonina brunnea f.sp. multigermtubi using digital gene expression analysis. In order to study PA biosynthesis and its induction by fungi, a putative leucoanthocyanidin reductase gene, PtrLAR3, was isolated from Populus trichocarpa. Sequence comparison of PtrLAR3 with other known leucoanthocyanidin reductase proteins revealed high amino acid sequence similarity. Semi-quantitative reverse-transcription (RT) PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that PtrLAR3 was expressed in various tissues and the highest level of expression was observed in roots. Overexpression of PtrLAR3 in Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) led to a significant plant-wide increase in PA levels. In vitro assays showed that crude leaf extracts from 35S:PtrLAR3 transformants were able to inhibit significantly the hyphal growth of M. brunnea f.sp. multigermtubi compared to the extracts from control plants. The transgenic 35S:PtrLAR3 poplar plants displayed a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in their disease symptoms compared with the control. RT-PCR analysis showed that PtrLAR3 expression was up-regulated in all transformants. These results suggested that constitutive expression of endogenous PtrLAR3 could be exploited to improve resistance to fungal pathogens in poplar.
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err425
PubMed: 22268151
PubMed Central: PMC3346219
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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400715</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Lijun" sort="Wang, Lijun" uniqKey="Wang L" first="Lijun" last="Wang">Lijun Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Han, Zujing" sort="Han, Zujing" uniqKey="Han Z" first="Zujing" last="Han">Zujing Han</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Yuanzhong" sort="Jiang, Yuanzhong" uniqKey="Jiang Y" first="Yuanzhong" last="Jiang">Yuanzhong Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Lili" sort="Zhao, Lili" uniqKey="Zhao L" first="Lili" last="Zhao">Lili Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Hong" sort="Liu, Hong" uniqKey="Liu H" first="Hong" last="Liu">Hong Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Li" sort="Yang, Li" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Li" last="Yang">Li Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Keming" sort="Luo, Keming" uniqKey="Luo K" first="Keming" last="Luo">Keming Luo</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:22268151</idno><idno type="pmid">22268151</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/jxb/err425</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC3346219</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">002B57</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002B57</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002B57</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">002B57</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002B57</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Molecular cloning and characterization of PtrLAR3, a gene encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase from Populus trichocarpa, and its constitutive expression enhances fungal resistance in transgenic plants.</title><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Li" sort="Yuan, Li" uniqKey="Yuan L" first="Li" last="Yuan">Li Yuan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chongqing 400715</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Lijun" sort="Wang, Lijun" uniqKey="Wang L" first="Lijun" last="Wang">Lijun Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Han, Zujing" sort="Han, Zujing" uniqKey="Han Z" first="Zujing" last="Han">Zujing Han</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Yuanzhong" sort="Jiang, Yuanzhong" uniqKey="Jiang Y" first="Yuanzhong" last="Jiang">Yuanzhong Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Lili" sort="Zhao, Lili" uniqKey="Zhao L" first="Lili" last="Zhao">Lili Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Hong" sort="Liu, Hong" uniqKey="Liu H" first="Hong" last="Liu">Hong Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Li" sort="Yang, Li" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Li" last="Yang">Li Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Keming" sort="Luo, Keming" uniqKey="Luo K" first="Keming" last="Luo">Keming Luo</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of experimental botany</title><idno type="eISSN">1460-2431</idno><imprint><date when="2012" type="published">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH)</term><term>Anthocyanins (metabolism)</term><term>Ascomycota (physiology)</term><term>Cloning, Molecular (MeSH)</term><term>Disease Resistance (MeSH)</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic (MeSH)</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (MeSH)</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH)</term><term>Oxidoreductases (chemistry)</term><term>Oxidoreductases (genetics)</term><term>Oxidoreductases (immunology)</term><term>Plant Diseases (immunology)</term><term>Plant Diseases (microbiology)</term><term>Plant Leaves (genetics)</term><term>Plant Leaves (immunology)</term><term>Plant Leaves (microbiology)</term><term>Plant Proteins (chemistry)</term><term>Plant Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Plant Proteins (immunology)</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics)</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified (immunology)</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified (microbiology)</term><term>Populus (enzymology)</term><term>Populus (genetics)</term><term>Populus (immunology)</term><term>Populus (microbiology)</term><term>Sequence Alignment (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Alignement de séquences (MeSH)</term><term>Anthocyanes (métabolisme)</term><term>Ascomycota (physiologie)</term><term>Clonage moléculaire (MeSH)</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (génétique)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (immunologie)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (microbiologie)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (immunologie)</term><term>Maladies des plantes (microbiologie)</term><term>Oxidoreductases (composition chimique)</term><term>Oxidoreductases (génétique)</term><term>Oxidoreductases (immunologie)</term><term>Populus (enzymologie)</term><term>Populus (génétique)</term><term>Populus (immunologie)</term><term>Populus (microbiologie)</term><term>Protéines végétales (composition chimique)</term><term>Protéines végétales (génétique)</term><term>Protéines végétales (immunologie)</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes codant pour des enzymes (MeSH)</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux (MeSH)</term><term>Résistance à la maladie (MeSH)</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH)</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (génétique)</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement 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qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Oxidoreductases</term><term>Populus</term><term>Protéines végétales</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Maladies des plantes</term><term>Oxidoreductases</term><term>Populus</term><term>Protéines végétales</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Maladies des plantes</term><term>Populus</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anthocyanes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ascomycota</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Ascomycota</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino Acid Sequence</term><term>Cloning, Molecular</term><term>Disease Resistance</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic</term><term>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</term><term>Molecular Sequence Data</term><term>Sequence Alignment</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Alignement de séquences</term><term>Clonage moléculaire</term><term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes codant pour des enzymes</term><term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux</term><term>Résistance à la maladie</term><term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The flavonoid-derived proanthocyanidins (PAs) are one class of the major defence phenolics in poplar leaves. Transcriptional activation of PA biosynthetic genes, resulting in PA accumulation in leaves, was detected following infection by the fungal Marssonina brunnea f.sp. multigermtubi using digital gene expression analysis. In order to study PA biosynthesis and its induction by fungi, a putative leucoanthocyanidin reductase gene, PtrLAR3, was isolated from Populus trichocarpa. Sequence comparison of PtrLAR3 with other known leucoanthocyanidin reductase proteins revealed high amino acid sequence similarity. Semi-quantitative reverse-transcription (RT) PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that PtrLAR3 was expressed in various tissues and the highest level of expression was observed in roots. Overexpression of PtrLAR3 in Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) led to a significant plant-wide increase in PA levels. In vitro assays showed that crude leaf extracts from 35S:PtrLAR3 transformants were able to inhibit significantly the hyphal growth of M. brunnea f.sp. multigermtubi compared to the extracts from control plants. The transgenic 35S:PtrLAR3 poplar plants displayed a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in their disease symptoms compared with the control. RT-PCR analysis showed that PtrLAR3 expression was up-regulated in all transformants. These results suggested that constitutive expression of endogenous PtrLAR3 could be exploited to improve resistance to fungal pathogens in poplar.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">22268151</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2012</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>04</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1460-2431</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>63</Volume><Issue>7</Issue><PubDate><Year>2012</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of experimental botany</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Exp Bot</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Molecular cloning and characterization of PtrLAR3, a gene encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase from Populus trichocarpa, and its constitutive expression enhances fungal resistance in transgenic plants.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>2513-24</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/jxb/err425</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The flavonoid-derived proanthocyanidins (PAs) are one class of the major defence phenolics in poplar leaves. Transcriptional activation of PA biosynthetic genes, resulting in PA accumulation in leaves, was detected following infection by the fungal Marssonina brunnea f.sp. multigermtubi using digital gene expression analysis. In order to study PA biosynthesis and its induction by fungi, a putative leucoanthocyanidin reductase gene, PtrLAR3, was isolated from Populus trichocarpa. Sequence comparison of PtrLAR3 with other known leucoanthocyanidin reductase proteins revealed high amino acid sequence similarity. Semi-quantitative reverse-transcription (RT) PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that PtrLAR3 was expressed in various tissues and the highest level of expression was observed in roots. Overexpression of PtrLAR3 in Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) led to a significant plant-wide increase in PA levels. In vitro assays showed that crude leaf extracts from 35S:PtrLAR3 transformants were able to inhibit significantly the hyphal growth of M. brunnea f.sp. multigermtubi compared to the extracts from control plants. The transgenic 35S:PtrLAR3 poplar plants displayed a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in their disease symptoms compared with the control. RT-PCR analysis showed that PtrLAR3 expression was up-regulated in all transformants. These results suggested that constitutive expression of endogenous PtrLAR3 could be exploited to improve resistance to fungal pathogens in poplar.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yuan</LastName><ForeName>Li</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Lijun</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Han</LastName><ForeName>Zujing</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Yuanzhong</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Lili</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Hong</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Li</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luo</LastName><ForeName>Keming</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2012</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>20</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Exp Bot</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9882906</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0022-0957</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000872">Anthocyanins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D010940">Plant Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 1.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D010088">Oxidoreductases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000595" MajorTopicYN="N">Amino Acid Sequence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000872" MajorTopicYN="N">Anthocyanins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001203" MajorTopicYN="N">Ascomycota</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003001" MajorTopicYN="Y">Cloning, Molecular</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060467" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Resistance</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015971" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018506" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008969" MajorTopicYN="N">Molecular Sequence Data</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010088" MajorTopicYN="N">Oxidoreductases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010935" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010940" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D030821" MajorTopicYN="N">Plants, Genetically Modified</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000201" MajorTopicYN="Y">enzymology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016415" MajorTopicYN="N">Sequence Alignment</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2012</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2012</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2012</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22268151</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">err425</ArticleId><ArticleId 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uniqKey="Wang L" first="Lijun" last="Wang">Lijun Wang</name><name sortKey="Yang, Li" sort="Yang, Li" uniqKey="Yang L" first="Li" last="Yang">Li Yang</name><name sortKey="Zhao, Lili" sort="Zhao, Lili" uniqKey="Zhao L" first="Lili" last="Zhao">Lili Zhao</name></noCountry><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Yuan, Li" sort="Yuan, Li" uniqKey="Yuan L" first="Li" last="Yuan">Li Yuan</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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